Sentence examples for by which the duration from inspiring English sources

The recurrence period was calculated from the number of discovered seismite, by which the duration of the Tokha Formation (20 to 17 ka in calibrated 14C ages: Sakai et al. (2008)) was divided.

The sampling time of Deng et al was from 29 November to 5 December, 2009, by which the duration of antibody response against natural infection might not be long enough.

Otherwise, the predictive factor of antiviral efficacy after the start of antiviral treatment has been studied by HCV dynamics, which the duration of virological clearance of HCV RNA is associated with the therapeutic efficacy.

The effectiveness of plant defense depends on the efficiency by which the timing and duration of responses are regulated.

Evidently, these elements have advantages for cell signalling, e.g., allowing among others the decoupling of specificity/affinity, which provides a mechanism by which the strength and duration of signaling events can evolve separately [ 58].

Our observation is backed by other studies in which the duration of LPS-induced sickness has been found to overlap with that of depression-related behavior (Biesmans et al., 2013).

This is exactly the opposite of what would be predicted by the cassette theory, according to which the duration of dream actions should be much shorter than in wakefulness.

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a mechanism by which the cell regulates the magnitude and duration of external stimuli [24], [25].

24, 25 One mechanism by which short duration sleep may predispose to weight gain is by increasing caloric intake.

The book lives in its unexpected moments: early on, for example, Catrine hears out a strangely emotional man visiting a London gallery ("I have -- disappointed my wife"), and there is a startling image by which McGowan suggests the duration of Catrine's liaison with her chemistry teacher: "When Gilbert leaves, it takes a year for the door to close behind him.

These predictions are significantly lower than those from the highly cited deterministic VZV model by Brisson et al., in which the average duration was predicted to be 20 years ([7 41 years] 95%CI) (Brisson et al., 2002).