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OPG is a glycoprotein possessing 4 cysteine-rich domains at its Nterminus by which it binds to RANKL, whereas its C-terminus contains 22 homologous death domains of unknown function and a heparin binding domain by which the glycoprotein interacts with matrix macromolecules, such as glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans.
The mechanisms by which it binds to the core particle through the C-terminal tails of its subunits and induces α-ring conformational changes to open the 20S gate suggest a similar mechanism for the 19S particle.
Sp1 is a 95 kDa mammalian transcription factor, containing a zinc finger protein motif, by which it binds directly to GC-motifs on the DNA and enhances gene transcription [25].
Rpt5 can be cross-linked to ubiquitin chains, but the means by which it binds ubiquitin and the genetic significance of this activity remain to be determined.
Because Sgol2's MIM motif is close to the coiled coil by which it binds PP2A, it is conceivable that PP2A directly (i.e., structurally) facilitates the formation or stability of 'closed' complexes between Sgol2 and Mad2.
In addition, this carboxylic acid group also acts as an anchor of ferulic acid, by which it binds to the lipid bilayer, providing some protection against lipid peroxidation [ 83].
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The efficiency of a drug is often affected by the degree to which it binds to blood plasma proteins.
The binding preference of a known transcription factor can be described by the sequences to which it binds.
SHP-1, a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase, plays a negative regulatory role in signal transduction pathways by dephosphorylation of the receptors to which it binds.
Our findings suggest that Dali inhibits DNA methylation at a subset of bound and regulated regions, presumably deposited by the DNMT1 DNA methyltransferase, to which it binds.
We interpreted the amount of each pre-miRNA as the affinity by which it was bound to its precipitated protein.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com