Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
by what reason
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "by what reason" is not commonly used in written English and may sound awkward.
It can be used when asking for the justification or rationale behind a particular action or decision, but it is more typical to use other expressions. Example: "By what reason did you choose to implement this policy?"
News & Media
Science
Academia
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
By what reason, this certainty?
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
In stressing that an autonomous agent "must be in a position that allows her reasons to be governed by what reasons there are… [i.e.,] by what is valuable and worthless" (117-118), Wolf evokes a tradition that goes back to Plato.
Science
But given the massacres committed by government troops, what reason do they have to trust any deal?Past conflicts in South Sudan suggest that what lies ahead is an ebbing and flowing of political violence.
News & Media
Thus, an investigation repeatedly requested by Pebble becomes an "embarrassment" and a "whitewash" by virtue not of its execution but of its outcome -- not how it was conducted, by whom, for what reason, or at whose urging, but because the requested investigation ultimately reached a conclusion contrary to Pebble's.
News & Media
But for Ladd, author of the masterly study "The Ghosts of Berlin: Confronting German History in the Urban Landscape," the work of "Autophobia" is precisely about looking again at what has been said, by whom and for what reason, and why none of the voluminous critiques of the car — by any number of estimable figures — seem to have much mattered.
News & Media
By whom or for what reason we do not know yet.
News & Media
The noise surrounding an RSS item is stripped of the kinds of metadata cues that help us understand not just what is being fed us but by whom and for what reason.
News & Media
How an idiom's enduring concepts are explored, when, by whom, and for what reason can mark a new moment in art history.
News & Media
After 5,000 years, the answers to "By who?" and "For what reason?" are unlikely to be known -- despite what future technology might bring -- and the murder of Otzi the Iceman will always remain a cold case.
News & Media
She has the feeling of having been overtaken by a force outside herself, and what reason is telling her to do is overridden.
Academia
If the intuitions promoted by the thought experiments are synthetic, what reason is there to trust them?
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Consider using more common and contemporary alternatives like "for what reason" or "on what grounds" to ensure clarity and avoid sounding overly formal or archaic.
Common error
Avoid using "by what reason" in informal contexts. It can sound stilted and unnatural. Opt for simpler alternatives to maintain a conversational tone.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
3.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "by what reason" functions as an interrogative prepositional phrase, seeking the underlying cause or justification for an action, decision, or belief. It is used to question the rationale behind something, similar to asking "for what reason?"
Frequent in
News & Media
33%
Science
33%
Academia
33%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "by what reason" is a grammatically valid but infrequent and somewhat archaic way to inquire about the justification for something. Ludwig AI indicates this phrase sounds awkward in modern English. While it's understood, more common alternatives such as "for what reason" or "on what grounds" are generally preferred. Its formality makes it more suitable for academic or formal writing than casual conversation. When writing or speaking, consider your audience and context to determine if a more contemporary phrase would be more effective.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
for what reason
Replaces "by" with "for", a more standard preposition in this context.
on what grounds
Substitutes the entire phrase with a more formal and widely accepted alternative.
upon what basis
Emphasizes the foundation or justification for a decision or belief.
by what justification
Replaces "reason" with "justification", focusing on the act of justifying.
what is the reason
Transforms the phrase into a direct question, which is more common.
what's the rationale
Uses "rationale", a more sophisticated term for underlying reasons or logic.
by what logic
Focuses specifically on the logical basis behind something.
by what principle
Highlights the guiding rule or belief that motivates an action.
by what standard
Implies a comparison against a defined measure or expectation.
by whose authority
Shifts the focus to the source of permission or right to act.
FAQs
What does "by what reason" mean?
The phrase "by what reason" is a slightly archaic way of asking for the justification or explanation for something. It's similar to asking /s/for+what+reason or /s/on+what+grounds.
How can I use "by what reason" in a sentence?
While grammatically correct, "by what reason" sounds somewhat formal. You might use it in writing, but in conversation, alternatives like "for what reason" or "what's the reason?" are generally preferred.
What can I say instead of "by what reason"?
You can use alternatives like "for what reason", "on what grounds", or "what is the reason depending on the context".
Is "by what reason" grammatically correct?
Yes, "by what reason" is grammatically correct, but it's not a common or contemporary phrase. It might sound somewhat old-fashioned or overly formal to modern ears. Therefore, its appropriateness will greatly depend on context and personal preferences.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
3.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested