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This could be the biggest scandal to hit four-legged stars ever, unless it's revealed that Martha Stewart's chow chow, Genghis Khan, won best in breed at the Westminster Dog Show by virtue of something other than than his fluffy mane and his delicious selection of treats.
In order to devise a collection of things, possible in themselves but existing, one must conceive of a collection rendered necessary by virtue of something external to it.
A new system of three extrasolar planets is delighting astronomers by virtue of something that it lacks: a Jupiter-size bully to throw its gravitational weight around.
For example, a person's belief that, say, the president dislikes terrorists appears to be composed of the concepts "THE PRESIDENT", "DISLIKES", and "TERRORISTS", and differs from the belief that terrorists dislike the president by virtue of something analogous to syntactic arrangement.
Hence the ontological distinction between the uncaused Principle and Its effect does not lie in existence as such, but in one of its modes: the uncaused Principle is necessary as regards existence, while everything else is always possible as regards existence: i.e., it exists insofar as it is necessitated and therefore necessary by virtue of something other.
It is in fact "evident" (ẓāhir: Ilāhiyyāt, I, 6, 38, 1) that the necessary has no cause: to have a cause means to exist by virtue of something else, and what exists by virtue of itself cannot exist by virtue of another, nor can it exist by virtue of itself and at the same time not exist by virtue of itself.
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One way, adopted by Jackson (1977, pp. 15 20), is to say that we perceive something indirectly if we perceive it by virtue of perceiving something else.
So the analysis of being reveals two meanings of existence: the first affirms or establishes the existence of something; the second expresses, without affirming its existence, the reality by virtue of which something is what it is, namely, its essence.
The key, he says, is being consistent, no matter how small the effort: "Over time, you'll increase your fitness by virtue of doing something, and your level of intensity might naturally increase as well".
The often unstated corollary to Godwin's Law is that the one who makes the comparison has, by virtue of doing something so incendiary and unimaginative, lost the argument.Eugene Jarecki's new documentary, "The House I Live In", opens and closes by invoking Nazi Germany.
I count as seeing the table by virtue of seeing something else, namely, the facing surface of the table.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com