For this purpose, (W_{{{text{Cu}}_{ 2} {text{O}}}} /W_{text{Cu}}) is considered as the ratio of weight percentage of copper oxide into that of copper, and by using the intensity of the most intense peaks of these two phases, which are located at (36.52^circ) (the most severe peaks of copper oxide) and (43.57^circ) (the most intense peaks of copper), we calculate the ratio.
The average crystallite diameter (d) for as-synthesized Co3O4 was estimated from the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the most intense peak (440) by using the Scherrer's formula.
As a consequence, the signal-to-noise ratio of the GaN QD emission could be improved by using the AlN templates, which exhibit a less intense background emission.
Tsubouchi and Omura (2007) evaluated long-term occurrence probabilities of extremely intense geomagnetic storm events by using the Dst index, which is a global geomagnetic index used in measuring geomagnetic storm magnitude.
On the other side regarding to the applications, the facility will be devoted to material research for the nuclear energy system by using typically the intense neutron and ion beams.
There have been suggestions that the development of an X-ray free electron laser could revolutionize the determination of protein structures, by using an intense but ultra-short light pulse to obtain data (Neutze et al., 2004).
MRP2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry using the Bond Polymer Intense Detection System (Vision BioSystems, Mount Waverley, VIC, Australia) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Highly versatile, they work by using an intense, focussed laser beam to trap particles (ranging from atoms in the early studies to the micron-sized merozoites of interest here) in the centre of the focus.
Starting about a decade ago, the target range for glycemic control was the achievement of euglycemia (80 to 110 mg/dL) by using intense insulin therapy as an infusion in the hopes of reducing ICU and hospital morbidity and mortality [ 3].
