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In this work, a highly sensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated by using the gold nanorods (Au NRs) as the substrate material and the mesoporous Au@Pd@Pt core-shell nanospheres (m-Au@Pd@Pt) as the label of the detection antibodies (Ab2, Ab2 label) for detecting Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag).

Firstly, Ф tip is measured to be 5.14 eV by using the standard Au film (work function is 5.1 eV) as a reference [41, 42].

Herein, we report a label-free, homogeneous and easy-to-operate biosensing platform for the rapid, simple and sensitive SERS detection by using the unmodified gold nanoparticles (Au NPs).

EDX analysis was performed for a thin-film sample prepared using the Au NPs by spin coating method (1,500 rpm) on a aluminum foil (1 × 1 cm) by dropping 100 μl of the sample on the foil and is allowed to dry for 30 min at room temperature for further use.

Afterward, the concentrations of Au, SO, and SO in mol g 1 were calculated by using the atomic weight of Au (196.97 g mol 1) and S (32.06 g mol 1), respectively.

Figure 7a shows an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of individual or single Au nanotriangles synthesized by using the reaction of 0.4 mM Au precursor and 1 wt.% detergent at 4°C temperature.

To focus on a comparison of the trend of the AuNP size evolution in different polymer matrices, the size evolution of AuNPs in the Cage- co-PMMA was controlled by using the equivalent amount of Au in the feed as was originally used in the AuNP- co-PMMA synthesis (equiv(Au)).

All the results reported here were obtained by using the basal planes of Au substrates that were cleaned in mixtures of 30%H2O2and98 98% H2SO4 (3:1 by volume) at 85 °C for 5 min (note that the mixture is dangerous since it reacts violently with organics) and sonicated in ethanol/water.

Considering these findings, we restrict our further studies only to the gains obtained by using the configurations containing Ag and Au at the inner and outer metallic shell, respectively, instead of their Au-only counterparts.

A total of 10 topologies (including a negative control) were tested using the AU-test provided by CONSEL.

We fabricate and characterize Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowires by using the nano meniscus-induced colloidal stacking method.

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