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After a gene mention is recognized, a normalization subsystem links the identified gene names to their corresponding Entrez Gene IDs by using several normalization rules (6) and lexicons that contain genes and corresponding database identifiers collected from Entrez Gene and UniProt databases.
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Moreover, it has been shown that using only a single control gene can lead to appreciable normalization errors and that using several normalizers is preferable in order to compensate for the potential biases introduced by an inappropriate normalizer [19], [21] [22].
We calculated the percent of variance removed by normalization for the RA method and FA methods (using several different score estimators) for flies in LD and DD (Table 1).
We propose a strategy to circumvent these problems by taking copy number imbalances into account during normalization, and we test the proposed strategy using several data sets from the analysis of cancer genomes.
By using the normalization condition for stationary distribution, we have.
The negative impact of nonlinear input unmodeled dynamics is offset by using a normalization signal.
The collected microarray datasets were standardized by using quantile normalization.
This effect can be remedied by using a proper normalization of the vector elements.
This can be achieved either by doing an additional normalization step after scaling, but ideally by using a between-microarray normalization approach from the beginning, such as applying T-quantile normalization as demonstrated here.
In a transformation-based approach, the scores are usually normalized to a common domain by one of several normalization techniques (e.g., z-normalization [38], F-normalization [39], and EER-normalization [40]) and the normalized scores are then combined.
Johnson et al. extended the EB methods to the problem of adjusting for batch effects in microarray data, which are not addressed by the use of one or several normalization procedures [ 5]. Johnson et al. published a location and scale (L/S) adjustment method for batch correction, which is available as R-package ComBat at the developer's homepage [ 20].
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