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We started this procedure by using sequence fragments homologous to the known mammalian TMC proteins.
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The sequenced DNA fragments were analyzed by using Sequence Navigator v.1.0.1 (PE Applied Biosystems).
All sequencing chromatograms obtained were edited manually to obtain contiguous fragments (contigs), by using Sequence Navigator software (Applied Biosystems).
Molecular typing of the PCR-positive samples was performed by using sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (27 ) by hydrolysis of the PCR products with the Tru9I restriction endonuclease (SibEnzyme, Novosibirsk, Russia) (isoschizomer MseI) with subsequent electrophoresis in 15% polyacrylamide gel.
Maximum-parsimony trees were generated by using sequences from each gene fragment.
The complete genome sequence of AK11 was determined as follows: cDNA was synthesized by using sequence-specific primers and amplified as 4 fragments (nt 1 494, 65 3852, 1975 3852, and 3284 7408 with poly A).
The full-length cDNA encoding MaPIP1 1 was amplified by RACE using sequence information from a cDNA fragment previously identified by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) [ 30].
All PCR products and cloned fragments were sequenced by the Molecular Genetics Core Facility at Children's Hospital Boston using sequencing primers for FKRP sequence analysis (Supplement Data S3).
Hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) sequence analysis was performed by using PCR fragments that were generated according to previously described protocols (8, 9 ).
We assembled the near-complete genome of avian HEV, which was 6,660 nt long including the 3′ poly A tail, by using 5 overlapping fragments sequences and Lasergene 7.0 EditSeq computer programs (DNAStar, Madison, WI, USA) and designated it China avian HEV (CaHEV).
DNA sequence typing by using 8 gene fragments showed that all 16 G.
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