Sentence examples for by using observed values from inspiring English sources
Kurachi [34] estimated the value of LAI by using observed values of leaf biomass and specific leaf area (SLA) in each vertical layer at 1-m intervals.
Kurachi [ 34] estimated the value of LAI by using observed values of leaf biomass and specific leaf area (SLA) in each vertical layer at 1-m intervals.
The relationship between the intensity, frequency and duration of extreme values is commonly evaluated using observed annual maximum values.
First, although the AIC criterion could be used, we have preferred to work with Cross-Validation (CV) which is a forecast-based criterion defined as: C V = 1 n ∑ i = 1 n (y i - ŷ - 1 ) 2 where y i denotes the i - th observation of the response variable and ŷ - i denotes the value predicted by the model, fitted by using all the observed values except the i - th observation.
This index compares, one by one, each observation of the response variable with the value predicted by the model, fitted by using all the observed values excepting the one considered each time.
Model uncertainty is estimated by quantifying the model drift from observations when the model is initialized using the observed values.
The deterministic population growth rate calculated by the model using the observed value of S, the average habitat structure and the minimum yearly reproductive output (0.28, recorded in 1999) projected a population decline of about 10% per year.
When we use the observed values, we do not have to determine or estimate haplotype phase.
Hence, an increase in effectiveness is valued by using an observed indication-specific trade-off between costs and effects.
We could test this possibility by collecting additional data on the actual fans of each voter, thereby using the observed value of F ( t ) at the time of prediction when estimating r-values.
