Sentence examples for by using generalised cost from inspiring English sources

Table 7 Time and cost of SR and PTO and excess travel results for respondent 10 by using generalised cost method Description Option Unit Respondent number 10%% of SR results Self reported option SR Time [mins] 85 100 Cost 8 100 Generalised cost SR [mins] 92.46 100 40.73 100 PTO1 [mins] 70.52 76 33.6 82 PTO2 [mins] 71.46 77 34.05 83 Source: this study.

Using generalised cost as a discriminator between excess and non excess travellers allows effort to be explicitly valued within the calculation but is dependent on using weights and valuations which, whilst validated by current research, add an element of subjectivity in the choice of specific values.

A second approach, using generalised cost, where the travel time is weighted according to activity was employed as an alternative and this is described in the following section 4.2.2.

The authors accounted for clustering of outcomes by using generalised estimation equations.

By using generalised estimating equations, we analysed two subgroups of participants.

*Estimated by using generalised estimating equations logistic regression models with compound symmetry with sex, age, educational level, long acting bronchodilator use, and inhaled corticosteroid use as covariates.

22 The dose-response relation was estimated by using generalised least squares trend estimation, according to the methods developed by Greenland and Longnecker.

Furthermore, we tested the assumption of proportionality by using generalised linear regression of the scaled Schoenfeld residuals on functions of time to test for a non-zero slope.

24 We estimated differences in exacerbation management by using generalised estimating equations logistic regression models with compound symmetry and exacerbation as the unit of analysis.

We estimated the odds ratio (population averaged) of a positive response by using generalised estimating equations fit with an exchangeable correlation structure to allow for within participant correlation.

To evaluate the training effect, group-by-time effects were assessed using generalised estimating equation (GEE) regression models.