Sentence examples for by using dummy variables from inspiring English sources

The within estimator is equal to the least-squares dummy variable estimator,27 which controls for fixed effects by using dummy variables.

Day of the week effects, holidays, and epidemics were controlled for by using dummy variables.

Moreover, by using dummy variables indicating presence or absence at any wave, we could test for any attrition bias.

Changes in the AAI, HR, and MAP were analyzed with a generalized linear model for repeated measures by using dummy variables.

Missing data (<2%) were coded by using dummy variables, allowing participants with one or more missing potential confounders to be included in the analyses under a "missing at random" assumption.

In this case, the effect size was obtained by linear regression analysis using dummy variables based on the presence or absence of specific combination.

To test the effect modification (interactions), simple categorical models based on stratification were constructed first, followed by logistic regression models using dummy variables.

This can be resolved by expressing the variable mode using dummy variables indicating the absence or presence of transfers between bus-metro, metro-bus and metro-metro (assuming transfer between bus-bus as the reference group).

Ethnicity was coded using dummy variables.

In addition, the probit model was re-estimated using dummy variables replacing the continuous variable.

In this analysis, categorical variables with more than two modalities were recorded using dummy variables.