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Note by using deviation parameterization (similar to an ANOVA model) [[ 12], pp.51 & 45] we explicitly accept and account for the fact that the observed difference varies from one paper to the other, while estimating the 'average' difference.
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Goddard [ 33] pointed out that GS works in part by using deviations of the realized relationships from that expected from the pedigree, where these deviations are only useful if there is LD between SNPs and QTL or cosegregation.
Another way to measure volatility is by using standard deviation.
The data was analyzed by using standard deviation and Z test.
It then calculates the load distribution by using standard deviation of all the loads on each of the warehouses for that partition from the average load.
In this case, the order of the FIR systems (M) for each particular person can be determined by using standard deviation of the impulse responses.
*Calculated and inflated for clustering by using standard deviation inflated by variance inflation factor.
Pairs of patterns were compared for matching bands by using a deviation of ±2.5% for molecular weight of each band.
This phenomenon has been handled by using the "deviation bar chart" [ 13] or the "moving average" applied in Brazil and Malaysia ("moving median").
Variance was reported by using standard deviations (SD), relative standard deviations (RSD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
To develop a method by which studies reporting the ranges (or maxima and minima) of observed outcomes can be included in systematic reviews, along with other studies reporting in the more usual way by using standard deviations (SDs).
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