Sentence examples for by using a substitution from inspiring English sources

The problem of variation in the variables' ranges can be solved by using a substitution.

By using a substitution rate of 1,3 × 10-8 mutation/site/year [ 18], we estimate that this corresponds to a 1,5 My old radiation whereas both species diverged more than 50 Mya.

Neighboring joining trees (with 500 bootstrap replicates) were constructed using MEGA3 [ 65, 66] by using a substitution model of Amino: Poisson correction with Gamma Distributed Rates among sites (Gamma Parameter 2.0) and including sites with a pairwise deletion of Gaps/Missing data.

The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) was evaluated by using a fixed substitution rate for NS5b region of 4.1×10−4 substitutions per site/month [24], which has proven to be reliable for the reconstruction of epidemic events [25].

by using a Riccati substitution and an inequality of geometric-arithmetic mean type.

The significant divergence of some of these estimates is indicative of an error introduced by using a single substitution rate for these species, which shared a common ancestor some 640,000 years ago, but have since experienced different evolutionary histories.

We simulated random mutations by using a compositional substitution matrix based on the nucleotide frequencies of the original (wild type) genome [ 47].

It would be interesting to know how the GLS results would be affected by using a different substitution model, but as was mentioned above, only the PAM model has been implemented in the existing software [ 13].

In their study, the time back to the beginning of domestication of 12,000 years was used as a standard and compared with their model estimated speciation time to estimate population size while we first estimated population size N e by using a neutral substitution rate of 10 − 8 per bp.

The Database of Structural Alignments (DoSA) is a result of our previous work on identification of structurally similar SVRs in homologous proteins by using a PB substitution matrix combined with the modified CLUSTALW (22) algorithm [for more details refer to (17)].

Now imagine that you replace these six sequences with a different set that nevertheless has identical percent identity and similarity as the original set (perhaps as measured by an alignment score using a substitution matrix).