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Virus titer in the frozen culture supernatant was determined by using a plaque assay.
Virus isolation was attempted from pooled organs of RNA-positive birds by using a plaque assay on Vero cell culture.
After following virus growth in all permissive cells for another 20 h, we harvested supernatants and, to confirm the production of infectious virus particles, we titrated the supernatants by using a plaque assay in Vero cells.
Recombinant AcNPV-LC3 baculovirus was amplified by infecting sf9 insect cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1 and purifying them from culture's supernatants 6 days after and concentrated by ultracentrifugation, resuspended in PBS and titered by using a plaque assay following the manufacturer's instructions (Invitrogen, USA).
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We measured the ability of IVIg preparations to inhibit influenza subtype H5N1 replication by using a plaque-reduction assay.
Samples were analyzed by using a plaque-reduction neutralization test (4 ), and RVFV seropositivity was defined as 80% reduction of virus infectivity at a serum dilution of 1 40.
All 23 paired serum samples were tested by using a 90% plaque reduction neutralization test and the XJ11029 3 strain of WNV and the P3 strain of JEV.
All testing was performed at the same laboratory by using a standard plaque-reduction neutralization test.
Virus isolation was performed for tissues, lice homogenates, and swabs by using a Vero cell plaque assay as described (13 ).
✓ We seek to improve the collective understanding of the effect of cholesterol-lowering drugs in the development of plaque by using a novel modeling approach able to capture mechanistically, the relationships between the drug and a physiological representation of the artery.
The sample area was isolated using sterile cotton rolls and air-dried to avoid saliva contamination; supragingival plaque was removed by using a sterile curette.
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