Dunn et al. (2008) quantified how labile taxa were by using a leaf-stability metric (sensu Thorley and Wilkinson 1999), finding that the most unstable branches were concentrated in one region of the tree, the so-called Platyzoa.
If it is chilly, wrap by using a palm leaf.
We previously reported the important role of jasmonate (JA) in the plant's immediate response to thrips feeding by using an Arabidopsis leaf disc system.
Rice shoots (0.5 - 1.0 g, 1 2 week old) were cut into 2 mm-wide sections toward the leaf sheath by using a surgical knife (No.21 FETHER, Osaka, Japan).
Water was removed from the leaf basins by using a scalpel to make a small incision near the bottom of each basin and twisting the blade to allow water to drain out.
The photosynthetic indices were determined at 10 00 from first fully expanded leaf blades by using a LI-6400XT popenble open flow gas exchange system (Li-Cor, USA).
Genomic DNA was extracted from silica gel-dried leaf tissue by using a GenElute Plant Genomic DNA Miniprep Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, St . Louis MO, USA).
Total RNAs were extracted from leaf samples by using an RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN, CA, USA) according to manufacturer's instructions.
The effects of nitrogen level and water regime on leaf growth were quantified by using leaf-nitrogen and leaf-water contents.
We suggest methods (measuring the height to the youngest leaf collar and assigning leaf numbers by using the first leaf with pubescence and the ear leaf as references to identify growth stages) for minimizing these errors.
