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The question was addressed as to whether the increased sensitivity to, for instance, cisplatin in p53-deficient cells is accompanied by alterations in triggering cell cycle checkpoint activation.
Given that several anticancer agents exert their effects by triggering autophagy, we postulated whether helenalin's action in triggering cell death was through the activation of autophagy.
This suggests that hla expression by S. aureus inside macrophages may be regulated differentially compared to other cell types where significant amounts of toxin are produced immediately following invasion facilitating the prompt escape of bacteria into the cytoplasm and eventually triggering cell death by activation of caspase-dependent or independent apoptosis [30], [76] [78].
In turn, these changes trigger cell death via activation of both the intrinsic and extrinsic signaling cascades that are regulated by reactive oxygen species and NO.
In contrast to US11, US3 does not trigger NK cell activation by MHC I downregulation.
Infection with bacteria or viruses could trigger mast cell activation by means of TLRs and specific pathogen receptors.
Shortly after administration, lipid antigens were retained in the MZ by macrophages and DCs, where they trigger NKT cell activation.
VEGF stimulates MM cells by triggering activation of the JAK-STAT pathway (Rabinovitch et al, 1993) and exerts a proangiogenic effect that is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of MM (Anderson, 1999).
Perturbations of ER homeostasis lead to ER stress by UPR activation that could trigger cell death.
In muscle injury induced experimentally or by exercise, sarcolemmal damage triggers satellite cell activation by disturbing the niche of the satellite cell in between the sarcolemma and basal lamina.
Activation of the p53 pathway triggers cell cycle arrest, senescence or cell death.
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