For a given protein, the NSAF is the spectrum count for that protein divided by the number of amino acid residues in the protein, divided by this quantity summed over all detected proteins.
Not only is the reporting of the credibility of the Bayesian estimate made simple by this quantity, but it also opens the way to the generalization of variance-based studies of samples of phylogenetic trees, including principal components analysis, a task already tackled by Nye (2011).
ΔCO was expressed as a percentage by multiplying this quantity by 100%: ΔCO% = [COi - COi-1]/[(COi + COi-1)/2] × 100%.
We obtained a Z-score by comparing this quantity to the distribution of this statistic for 1000 datasets obtained by permuting the voxels in the N − 1 blocks.
In several models commonly used in mathematical finance, such as the Cox Ingersoll Ross model and Ornstein Uhlenbeck processes driven by subordinators, this quantity equals infinity.
We report isotope fractionations between cells and media as ε values, defined by: (2) This quantity is comparable to the ΔMo (≍δMomedia−δMocells) used in previous studies (e.g., Wasylenki et al., 2007).
Currently, around 50,000 litres a week are being sent south by truck, but this quantity will more than double by the weekend.
By post-processing this quantity after a given loading sequence, local crack direction and growth rate are estimated along the crack path.
The amount of scatter in these distributions on top of the known uncertainties in measurement and analysis is defined by overdispersion and this quantity is generally used for weighting individual De values to calculate a central equivalent dose.
For practical considerations, it is convenient to normalize this quantity by the intensity measured by the vertical channel, i.e., introduce ratio (Kalugin and Kabin 2015) leftlangle k rightrangle = leftlangle nu_{0} rightrangle/nu_{0,1},.
SAM terms the percentage of genes identified by chance the false discovery rate (FDR) and estimates this quantity by recourse to permutation.
