Followed by permethylation, the α2-6 linked SA gives a mass shift of 13 Da over SA attached via α2-3 linkage, which can be easily distinguished by MS. These methods require extensive chemical derivatization for sample preparation.
However, these analyses could not adjust for differences in trial methodology or endpoint definitions across trials [ 26], and although this could be achieved by performing sub-analyses, these methods require data to be available from several studies to enable reasonable estimation of the random effects.
Interpretation of data collected by these methods requires an understanding of the inherent assumptions and limitations of each method applicable to the species of animal under investigation.
However, vector construction by these methods requires two sequential PCR reactions, and the purification of insert DNA fragments.
Both of these methods require tumour biopsies, removed by invasive techniques, and do not allow the monitoring of minimal residual disease on follow-up.
However, the candidate variants identified by this method require experimental validation to distinguish real inversions from false positives.
Second, in clinical practice, CIAKI is diagnosed by an increase in the surrogate marker for GFR, serum creatinine (SCrea), because direct measurements of GFR by clearance methods require tedious urine collection.
By contrast, supervised methods require information about known interactions for training, and this information is typically sparse.
Providing a reliable supply of Cu by this method requires dedicated proton beam and chemistry station that are rarely possible at one of these multipurpose facilities [ 34, 35].
