Philo's definitions appear to introduce mere conceptual modalities, whereas with Diodorus' definitions, some propositions may change their modal value (Boeth. In Arist. De Int., sec. ed., 234 235 Meiser).
All adjustment variables had less than 5% missing data that were replaced by their modal or median value in the population.
Population substructure was also confirmed by clustering analyses performed by STRUCTURE software and by the modal value of the distribution of the ΔK, showing clear membership of individuals in six clusters.
In these studies, the required level of education is measured by the modal value of schooling years in each occupation and workers' actual education is decomposed to required and overeducation (undereducation) in Mincerian earnings functions.
A highly accurate estimate of the time of rate shift is provided by the modal value of its sampling frequency, with relative errors lower than 0.05 (Table 4).
For each answer, the credit is the number of members that chose that answer, divided by the modal value for the question.
The credit for each answer is the number of panel members that have provided that answer, divided by the modal value for the item.
Answers not chosen by panel members received 0. To obtain this proportional transformation, the number of panel members who had provided an answer on the Likert scale was divided by the modal value for the item.
Cutoffs for these variables are indicated in the footnotes of Tables 2 and 3. We replaced missing values by the modal value (all were categorical variables) when data were missing in fewer than 5% of women or else by a "missing" category.
In control schools, some students were vaccinated outside schools (e.g., medical practices), as summarized in Table 1 d: The values within the parentheses in the rows for COMPONENT COSTS indicate the triangular distributions defined by the modal value, (minimum value and maximum value).
