Sentence examples for by their average value from inspiring English sources
The results expressed in terms of displacements and stresses are described by their average value and their variance.
The normalization was performed by dividing the spectra by their average value computed for all components and frequencies at all available stations (taken over all stations, components and frequencies).
The first method, based on the Fenton-Wilkinson approach [11], approximates a sum of log-normal random variables as a log-normal random variable and approximates fast fading coefficients in interference terms by their average value.
The asymptotic equivalence can be interpreted as replacing each of the diagonal elements of A T A by their average value (frac 1{M}text {tr}[{mathbf {!A}}^{T}{mathbf {A}}]).
The first one based on the Fenton-Wilkinson approach, approximates a sum of log-normal random variables by a log-normal random variable and approximates fast fading coefficients in interference terms by their average value.
For fish breeding schemes applying within-family pre-selection, data augmentation for culled fish by their average values of BW1 will sufficiently control for selection bias in genetic evaluation of growth.
The outage probability expression in the case of fading is the same as Equation (9), with the difference that P b, Prt 1, and P rt are replaced by their average values with respect to the fading coefficients, namely P ¯ b, P ¯ rt 1, and P ¯ rt.
According to RPA [25], the operator products in the last two lines of (10) can be replaced by their average values in ground state |0〉 of the system: a p ′ γ ′ + a p γ → ⟨ 0 a p ′ γ ′ + a p γ 0 ⟩ = δ p p ′ δ γ γ ′ n p γ, (12).
Under those assumptions, one considers that the local fluctuations of reactant concentration (induced by e.g. the reaction itself) can be neglected and replaces local reactant concentrations by their average values over a large spatial domain (usually the whole reaction volume).
The weight and height of every child were measured twice to minimise measurement errors and increase precision by using their average value.
A dispersion equation is derived by assuming that the spatial variations of the ambient variables can be lumped by using their average values.
