Sentence examples for by the vertical components from inspiring English sources
The upper portion shows the data captured with the STS vertical seismometer (1) and the data recorded by the vertical components of the stress meter (2).
If the surrounding rock above its crown tends to slide along the assumed planes AH and BD, it will be resisted by the vertical components of friction resistance F0 and F 0 ′.
Due to the relationship of T xx + T yy + T zz = 0, the linear combination of the components T xx and T yy can be described by the vertical components T zz ; hence, we do not employ the components T xx and T yy in Eq. (4).
In NWVPM, the normal load on the tyre is considered to be supported by the vertical components of both the normal pressure and shear stress on the interface, whereas in the Bekker model, the normal load is assumed to be supported only by the vertical component of the radial (normal) pressure.
Ma et al. (2008) tested two community velocity models for the Los Angeles area that were developed by the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) by comparing observed inter-station Green's functions extracted by correlating the vertical components of ambient seismic noise recorded at 56 broadband stations with those simulated by the finite element method.
The results showed that the control algorithms were very effective in reducing the magnitude of the deflections of the deck caused by the vertical component of an earthquake.
The records obtained by the vertical component sensor deployed at the deepest level of the seismic array, composed of 16 three-component sensors, are displayed with the reduction velocity of 4 km/s.
Therefore, we defined the ratio of the compressive load applied to the QCR (F q ) divided by the vertical component of external force (load, F v ) as "load transfer efficiency " by the following: η = F q F v (1).
Fig. 5. Amplitudes of the source terms in the horizontal component (dashed lines) and the vertical component (solid lines) normalized by the vertical component at the sea bottom for values of k = 0.1 and 0.3 km−1, corresponding to wavelengths λ of 60 and 20 km for a water depth of 4 km (From Eqs. (20) and (21)).
Since almost the entire magnetic field strength is expressed by the vertical component of the geomagnetic field at high latitudes, the variations of the magnetic field strength is a suitable tool for continuous polar electrojet monitoring (e.g., Vennerstrom and Moretto, 2013).
