Radulescu (2012) is also able to show that the change in the variable part is accompanied by the expected substitution effect in the fixed salary, i.e., an increase (decrease) in the pay-performance sensitivity comes along with a decrease (increase) in the fixed salary.
By penalizing the L1-norm of the variables, part of the regression coefficients will be driven to zero with the level of sparsity controlled by the strength of regularization.
Most likely, the common features defined by the CPK-1 motif may primarily serve a structural role for maintaining a stable and compact pseudoknotted scaffold upon which diverse biological functions can build on, presumably mainly by the more variable parts of the pseudoknots, including S1 & L2, and possible interactions between them.
Obviously, timing delay takes different values for different symbols of a received burst caused by the variable timing delay part which is increased linearly by k.
The rDNA phylogenetic analyses of primary sequences were also confirmed by the analysis of variable parts of the secondary structure of SSU rDNA [ 17].
Medical cost can be divided into a fixed part, consisting of personnel and accommodation expenses, and a variable part, determined by the needs of each patient (medications, consumables, examinations).
The variation in the published results about neonatal and maternal morbidity can be explained in part by the variable definition of macrosomia — in utero or at birth.
The effective modulus of elasticity of a composite is the sum of two terms: a constant part in the form of a modulus of elasticity of a bulk material, and a variable part that is caused by a shift at the interphase boundary and depends on the particles size.
Finally, minimizing the right hand part of (26) by the variable h, we arrive at inequality (27).
The discrepancies and mismatches/imbalances observed in field and laboratory studies could, in part, be explained by the variable underestimation of the true N2 fixation rate due to the methodological uncertainty reported here.
