Sentence examples for by the surface reaction from inspiring English sources

This is possibly due to the slow desorption of the H2O and CO2 that were formed by the surface reaction of H2 and CO, respectively with the adsorbed oxygen on SnO2.

The fouling process was characterized by the surface reaction coefficient of the ions present in solution, as well as the adhesion coefficients of the particles formed in the bulk.

Boron nitride (BN), produced by the surface reaction of NO, is found to be formed near the surface in the post-flame products of a RDX flame, but is converted to B/O compounds at greater radii.

The results evidence that at 200 °C the behaviour is largely controlled by the slow solid-state diffusion of the sulphate species, while above 300 °C there is an initial region controlled by the surface reaction, although for levels of SO2 uptake above a weight increase of 4 5% (due to sulphation) the solid-state diffusion dominates the performances also at high temperature.

It was observed that the absorption of hydrogen by Ni modified titanium obeyed a parabolic rate law, which indicates that diffusion of hydrogen in titanium was rate-determining, in contrast to the unmodified titanium for which absorption rate was controlled by the surface reaction step.

It also revealed that the whole process was controlled by the surface reaction since the energy of the activation corrosion process in both the absence and presence of BPP was greater than 20 kJ mol−1 [73].

By adjusting the stoichiometry, we were able to increase the TiNi-to-YNi ratio and lower the −40 °C charge-transfer resistance by increasing the surface reaction area while maintaining the same surface catalytic ability.

The surface charge and potential are determined by the surface reactions, and therefore they depend on the bulk solution composition and concentration.

The results plead for the dissociative adsorption of the water dependent on the local changes of the pH within the solution close to the electrode induced by the surface reactions themselves.

Below about pH 2.9, the dissolution is influenced by the transport of both reactants and products, while above about pH 3.7, the dissolution is influenced predominantly by the kinetics of the surface reaction.

It is shown that neither the correlation errors of the kinetic equation nor values of the mass transfer coefficient are considerably affected by a choice of the surface reaction order.