Sentence examples for by the surface diffusion from inspiring English sources

The shift of this threshold in comparison to structures evaporated and consequently annealed is probably caused by the surface diffusion in combination with local gold melting.

Thus, the diffusion length L D is directly determined by the surface diffusion coefficient D S. Therefore, the diffusion length of the Au adatoms is strongly dependent upon the annealing temperature.

The surface diffusion coefficient (D s) is temperature-dependent [20], and the diffusion length (L D) of adatoms is determined by the surface diffusion coefficient as L D = √(D s t), where t is the residence time [21, 22].

Generally, through the SSD, the uniform thin film transforms into the isolated particles well below the melting point, which can be induced by the surface diffusion of the atoms upon annealing.

From these theories, the surface density of stable islands ρ is determined by the surface diffusion barrier and can be scaled as ρ ∝ D / F − i / i + 2 for a fixed coverage, where D is the adatom diffusion coefficient, F the incoming flux, and i the size of the critical nucleus.

From the difference in H between FCCs and ECSCs, a new proposal that M dependence of V may be mainly controlled by the surface diffusion process of chain polymers on the growing crystal surface, is discussed briefly.

By controlling the surface diffusion of Cu atoms on Pd(110) surface, Röder et al. demonstrated the formation of monatomic one-dimensional Cu chains along the step edges of a Pd(110) surface [53], Fig. 5. Gambardella et al. demonstrated high-density parallel arrays of regularly spaced nanowires by systematically controlling the growth kinetics [54].

The evolution of Pd nanostructures are systematically controlled by the dewetting of thin film by means of the surface diffusion in conjunction with the surface and interface energy minimization and Volmer-Weber growth model.

Guided by the experimental measurements, the surface diffusion is also estimated and is found that it follows the classical Arrhenius law within the experimental range.

The influence of the extra surface corrugation induced by these domain walls on the surface diffusion of Fe atoms, is investigated by depositing 0.28 ML Fe at 400°C onto surfaces with a varying domain wall density.

This article is dedicated to the modeling of the pressure-assisted sintering of agglomerated powders by the grain-boundary and the surface diffusion transport.