With congeneric measures, the reliability coefficient of the scale score equaled the summation of squared factor loadings for that scale, divided by the summation of squared factor loadings plus the summation of error variances [ 31, 32].
The first half of the algorithm requires B/F 2 multislice simulations, where B is the number of beams included in the full-resolution simulation, which will be reduced by the interpolation factor squared.
Additionally, the reliability of each of the factor constructs was calculated in each factor as the proportion represented by the square sum of standardized factor loadings of its items with respect to the square sum of standardized factor loadings plus the sum of measurement errors associated with each item (McDonald's Omega index) [ 28].
Multiply the squared radius by pi.
The volume of the region of interest was calculated by multiplying the voxel volume (mm) by the number of screen pixels (at the current degree of magnification) contained within the trace, divided by the square of the magnification factor.
Signal normalization was performed by dividing the interference fringe signal at the ith channel by the square root of the factor (IS+, i− IS-, IR+i−+, i− IR-, i).
All linear variables were thereby scaled by the square root of the scaling factor, while the pressure, temperature, sliding velocity, and deceleration were kept constant.
Useful aidese memoires are that the detectable difference in a CRCT is that of an individual RCT inflated by the square root of the variance inflation factor; and the power is that under individual randomisation with the standardised effect size deflated by the square root of the variance inflation factor.
The lambda inflation factor was calculated per sex-specific effect size using the genomic control method (37), and the SEs were corrected by the square root of the lambda inflation factor (SEcorrected = SEobserved×√λ).
So the detectable difference in a CRCT can be thought of as the detectable difference in a trial using individual randomisation, inflated by the square-root of the variance inflation factor.
