Sentence examples for by the spread code from inspiring English sources

The modulated symbols are multiplied by the spread code and transmitted by analog beamforming.

The analytical study shows that the merging principle realized by the spreading code improves the rate and the range of the discrete multitone (DMT) system in single and multiuser contexts.

The efficient minimum output energy (MOE) multiuser detector developed earlier for use in suppressing MAI in MC-CDMA systems [14] is designed to minimize the entire output energy of the receiver by constraining the spreading code sequence.

But when the number of active users is fixed, and a specific channel scenario is considered, it is possible to investigate the performance of a CDMA system as a function of the properties exhibited by the spreading codes chosen.

where, is the number of simultaneous active users,, is the amplitude of the th user's signal,, is the bit transmitted by user,, represents the spreading code assigned to user with energy normalized to one, and, represents AWGN with variance.

Thus, this equalize the spreading code distortion introduced by the transmission channel and may enhance the multiple access interference (MAI).

The model proposed considers each piano note as a CDMA user in which the spreading code is replaced by a representative note pattern defined in the frequency domain.

The proposed model considers each piano note as a CDMA user in which the spreading code is replaced by a representative note pattern.

where refers to the watermark or hidden message bit before spreading, is the spreading code or the PN sequence which is low-passed by filter.

is the length of the spreading code.

The spreading code scheme uses system model to analyze the symbol error probability of the spreading code scheme.