These models were made by connecting the source region with the outside the basin area based on the "Japan Integrated Velocity Structure Model version 1" (Koketsu et al. 2012).
The SMGA1 and SMGA2 seem to be surrounded by the source regions of 2003 and 2005 sequences and foreshocks.
The main rupture of the earthquake is located shallower than 20 km, and surrounded by the source regions of the 1936, 1938 and 1978 events.
Importantly, even with this reduction in overdispersion, the factor BRAIN did not contribute a significant improvement to the fit by the source regions themselves (V1: F4,25 = 0.27, P = 0.89; V2: F2,12 = 1.39, P = 0.29; V4: F2,14 = 1.12, P = 0.35).
The simple fault models for these earthquakes suggest that the largest aftershocks ruptured a region left unruptured by the mainshock, whereas the source region of the foreshock was included by that of the mainshock.
Yukutake et al. (2011) concluded that the 2009 swarm activity was caused by water migration in the source region.
The equation is solved in three main steps for covariant inpainting which fills the image holes by propagating linear structures of the source region into the target region by means of diffusion process utilizing the Poisson equation approach [6, 8].
It was accompanied by active aftershocks in and around the source region and also by two damaging shallow crustal earthquakes more than 400 km away from the epicenter: an earthquake near the boundary between Nagano and Niigata prefectures on March 12 (M 6.7) and another in the eastern part of Shizuoka prefecture on March 15 (M 6.4).
The slip on the secondary fault in each case seems to result from either static triggering processes driven by permanent fault displacements near the source region (Harada et al. 2013), dynamic triggering processes by transient stress perturbations due to the passage of large seismic waves (Hicks and Rietbrock 2015), or a combination of the two processes (Tanaka et al. 2014).
It contended that a transnational community of engineers has coordinated a decentralized process of reciprocal industrial upgrading by transferring capital, skill, and know-how to the source region and by facilitating collaborations between specialist producers in the two regions.
