Sentence examples for by the sequential activation from inspiring English sources

They are classically activated following ligand receptor interaction by the sequential activation of a linear cascade of protein kinases, including Ras, Raf-1, MEK, and the MAPKs ERK-1 and ERK-2 (Puri and Siegel, 1993; Smerz-Bertling and Duschl, 1995) on the one hand and PI 3-kinase and Akt on the other hand (Franke et al, 1997; Fahy et al, 2003).

Adipogenesis is a tightly regulated process initiated by the sequential activation of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ).

The eukaryotic cell cycle is tightly regulated by the sequential activation and deactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Inside-out activation of integrins triggered by the BCR was shown to be regulated by the sequential activation of signalling mediators including Src family kinases, PI3K, PLCγ2, Btk, guanosine nucleotide exchange factors like e.g. Vav1/2 as well as small GTPases of the Rho and Ras family [9], [25], [26].

Our histological examination of the pancreatic sections revealed that the number of Glut 2-positive/insulin-negative cells among the ductal compartment is significantly increased in rats treated with KGF, suggesting that this growth factor induces duct-to-beta cell differentiation by the sequential activation of beta cell specific markers in ductal cells.

The G2/M transition is regulated by the sequential activation and inactivation of the cdc2/cyclin B complex [ 19].

Thus, one route by which loss of CLDN4 activates EphA2 may be through the sequential activation of PI3K and AKT by β-catenin.

This data provides clear evidence that regulation of expression of yir genes is very different to that observed for the var or stevor gene family in P. falciparum maintained in vitro, indicating that antigenic variation mediated by yir does not involve the sequential activation of one gene after another but the exposure of many YIR variants to the immune system at the same time.

Induction of IFIT4 transcription by IFN-α depends upon the sequential activation of protein kinase Cδ, c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, and STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) [ 36].

Taken together, our results indicate that the induction of TRAIL sensitivity by H. pylori is dependent on the sequential activation of the caspase-8 downstream pathway, enhancing the cleavage of Bid, activating the mitochondrial signaling pathway, and breaking resistance to apoptosis.

Transition from one phase of the cycle to the next is coordinated by the expression of specific cyclins and the sequential activation and inactivation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases [2].