Sentence examples for by the seed layer from inspiring English sources

(c) The macropores sealed by the seed layer are selectively filled with copper.

It has been found that the nanowire dimensions could be tailored by the seed layer thickness and morphology.

The nanostructure morphology change from a 2-D nanosheet to 1-D nanorod was controlled by changing the seed layer surface.

The ZnO nanowire density can be tuned by changing the seed layer density and deposition time (thereby controlling the DI water exposure time).

When the seed-coated CT substrate was immersed into the growth solution and supplied by electrons, the seed layer provided ZnO crystal nuclei sites which allowed for growing the ZnO NRAs densely and vertically.

The efficiency of the silicon solar cells is influenced by the quality of the epitaxial growth, which is determined by the quality of the seed layer template.

There are voids at the bottom of the trenches which are explained by the absence of the seed layer at the bottom, and the fact that they prevent any copper growth.

The ZnO NRAs were successfully integrated on the CT substrate (i.e., woven by Ni/PET fibers) by the ED process using the seed layer and ultrasonic agitation under a proper external cathodic voltage of −2 V for 1 h.

In that time, the Zn2+ ions are diffused into the seed layer by the Coulombic attraction under strong electric field and then combined with OH− ions.

It was found that the ZnO/Si nanowire arrays presented a larger surface area with better crystalline and more uniform ZnO branches on the whole sidewall of Si backbones for the seed layer by atomic layer deposition, which gained a strong light absorption as high as 98% in the ultraviolet and visible range.

In contrast to the seed layer deposited by MS, the more uniform seed layer deposited by ALD resulted in ZnO branches with better crystallinity grown on the whole sidewall of the Si backbones, in addition to the stronger light absorption and higher photodegradation efficiency of MB for its larger surface area and higher surface curvature effect.