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Similarly, the observed lower acute health-service utilisation in recently diagnosed breast cancer survivors aged 50 70 years (the age range in which women are routinely invited to attend breast screening units in England (NHS Breast Cancer Screening Programme, 2011), compared with other age groups, reflects some of the benefits of early detection offered by the screening programmes.
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In 1997, a quarter of all newly diagnosed invasive and in situ breast cancers were detected by the screening programme, and one out of eight was diagnosed in screened women during the interval period between two screening rounds.
As for the other 509 cancers detected by the screening programme, finding the cancers by use of screening made no difference to the women's lifespans.
It is likely that treatment for their cancers would have led to the same life expectancy had they been found by the screening programme or by the women themselves.
The aim of this study was to determine differences between Pap-smear history, tumour characteristics and survival of patients with a tumour detected by the screening programme (SP) or outside the screening programme (OSP) in the region of the Comprehensive Cancer Centre Stedendriehoek Twente in the period 1992 2001.
Time for genetic counselling for carriers identified by the screening programme were excluded from the model.
Of the 2084 cases that were detected NBs by the screening programme, only 15 cases (0.7%) died within 5 years.
Self-assigned ethnicity was recorded by the screening programme on attendance, including subsequent invitations to the ones studied.
The possibility of specific groups of participants being particularly susceptible to anxiety generated by the screening programme was also raised.
Similarly, access to all the information sent to patients by the screening programme was seen as essential.
Actually, 2.5 years of life were gained for each woman with breast cancer detected by the screening programme.
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