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The dimensionless bridging factor is calculated by the normalized bridging stress intensity factor with respect to the remote stress intensity factor.
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The top horizontal axial is normalized bridging location (D) (see Fig. 12) with fracture length (a); therefore, D/a = 0 means the fracture is bridged at the wellbore wall, while D/a = 1 means the fracture is bridged at the very tip of the fracture (equivalent to the case without bridging).
This is reduced by the normalized temperature dependency factor and the normalized CO2 fertilization factor.
Normalized light emission was determined by dividing the FLuc reading by the GLuc reading and normalized TF activity was determined by dividing the normalized light emission for each sample by the average normalized light emission for TA.
The normalized LEE can be obtained by dividing the normalized PL integral intensity by the IQE.
The EEJ is calculated by subtracting the normalized Sq from the normalized total current.
This was quantified by calculating the normalized standard deviation (s.d).
Finally, the lipids were further normalized by dividing the normalized lipid concentration with the protein content of the sample.
Normalized CI is calculated by dividing CI at the normalized time into the original CI.
The bridge was constructed by the American Bridge Company and funded by the Milanville Bridge Company.
where denotes the normalized covariance given by.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com