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Inhalation anesthetics are metabolized in animals and humans by the mixed function oxidases of liver microsomes.
Highly reactive free radical metabolites are also formed by the mixed function oxidase system in hepatocytes via CYP2E1, causing severe centrilobular necrosis [ 5, 6].
Metabolic studiesof TAA-induced tissue damage suggest that TAA is metabolized by the mixed function oxidase system to its toxic metabolites sulfine (sulfoxide) and sulfene (sulfone which are then distributed among several organs,including plasma, liver, kidney, bone marrow, adrenals and other tissues [ 7].
Moreover, several remarkable pathological characteristics associated with CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity, namely fatty liver, cirrhosis and necrosis, could be seen and have been thought to result from the formation ad action of reactive intermediates (i.e trichlorometyl free radicals (CCl3+) metabolized by the mixed function cytochrome P450 in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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The toxicity of these compounds was decreased by adding the mixed function oxidase system (MFOS) inhibitor, SKF-525A (25 microM) to the cultures.
The findings support the hypothesis that vinyl chloride is hepatotoxic because it is converted into a toxic metabolite by components of the mixed function oxidase system of liver endoplasmic reticulum.
Although alteration of the microsomal mixed function oxidase system by chronic ethanol ingestion may play an important role in potentiation of solvent toxicity, the potentiation seen following a single dose of ethanol cannot be fully accounted for by the known effects of ethanol on the mixed function oxidase system.
The prediction was performed using the marker data for the testing set and the output for the predicted marker effects provided by the mixed.solve function.
Phenobarbital apparently potentiates solvent toxocity by induction of the microsomal mixed function oxidase system.
Carbon tetrachloride is similarly "activated" by adrenal microsomal mixed function oxidases resulting in a decline in steroidogenic enzyme activity.
The activity of mixed function oxidases (MFO), the drug-metabolizing system of the endoplasmic reticulum, could be suppressed in these cells by SKF525A or stimulated by NADPH.
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