The substrate binding surface lies on one face of the Kelch domain, where a shallow pocket is created by the long loops that connect β-strands D and A (DA loop) as well as β-strands B and C (BC loop).
We describe the phenomenon under study by describing the short loop, the long loop and the influencing elements, and illustrate these with quotes [ 42, 43].
The long loop was impacted by external regulation when external mandatory assessments revealed shortcomings trainees had not discovered for themselves.
The α-metal site is shielded by Loops 1, 2, 7, and 8. Trp-42 from the long Loop 1 covers part of the active site from above.
This again suggests that stabilising interaction within long loop regions, in this case, formation of salt bridges or ordering of water between the long loops by increased ionic components has led to a stabilisation of the loop structure, and ultimately stabilisation of the i-motif structure.
Except for members of an arthropoda specific myosin class, that contain loop-1 extensions of up to 300 amino acids [ 30], this is by far the longest loop-1 of all myosins.
In human Rev1, the finger and thumb are connected by a long loop insertion, and the CC is ring-shaped and encircles the DNA substrate.
Major variations to 3/3-globin folding from predicted rhizobial SDgbs consisted of the existence of an unusually short helix E in BraelkUSDA94SDgb2, a long helix H in BraelkUSDA3254SDgb1 and BrajapUSDA124SDgb1, and the existence of a pre-helix A followed by a long loop at the N-terminal of BraelkWSM1741SDgb2.
In eIF1A, strands β3 and β4 are connected instead by a long loop, which is the most variable portion of the OB-fold, but usually contains a helix [40].
