A recent book by Tim Bryars and Tom Harper, A History of the 20th Century in 100 Maps, charts the political and social upheavals of the last century by means of maps, digging below the functional surface to reveal how maps of the time reflected popular ideas, prejudices, and waves of progress.
Through the PET – rings the functional surface could be increased by a factor 4.2.
The carbon nanotube toxicity may be influenced by a number of factors such as by the surface area, surface chemistry, functional groups, coatings, charge and aggregation, chemistry and solubility, shape, photochemistry, preparation method; as reviewed by [25].
In this study, the nanosecond laser technology on the surface of carbon steel and functional surface modification by the perhydropolysilazane (PHPS) coating with the repeating unit of -(SiH2NH)- were used to obtain a novel carbon steel material with superhydrophobic property.
A case study characterized by functional surfaces confirmed the applicability of the method to complex geometry: a great reduction of average roughness and a reliable uniformity of finished surfaces have been obtained.
The most important characteristics of the sample surface are determined by the functional groups present in the surface layer.
This paper proposes a new concept of the 'engineering surface', which extends the conventional idea of a functional surface by combining it with micro/nano manufacturing technology.
The high specific surface area, tunable pore size (observed by scanning electron microscopy) and functional surface of PSiMc permitted the infiltration of molecular binders and cyt c into the porous structure.
The latter most likely occurs because valence electrons are withdrawn from the Ti atoms, and subsequently from the C atoms, in the MXene layers by the surface functional groups, as well as from the interaction of the surface with the intercalated compounds.
