Sentence examples for by the external loads from inspiring English sources

The high temperature results in thermal stress with dimensional changes in addition to the mechanical stress caused by the external loads.

This kind of the energy release rate can be defined by the curved surface integral and the work done by the external loads.

Here, F app  and F int are the glide forces induced by the external loads and the stress at the centre of dislocation segment i introduced by an interacting dislocation, respectively.

This formulation can also predict the compaction density induced by the external loads and it is an attractive feature of the method for practical applications in geotechnical/pavement engineering.

The external work (W E ) generated by the 12-point load is formulated by multiplying the external loads and displacements, as Eq. (1).

The FEA software was used to calculate the deformation at the output point caused by all the external loads and the equivalent loads, as shown in Fig. 10.

In phase I, stable sliding begins to occur locally and then propagates laterally at a slow rate that is driven by the external loading.

Lamellar γ grains can be in soft and hard orientations with respect to the resolved shear stress provided by the external load.

The mode-II part of the strain energy release rate is provided by the external load using a three-point bending fixture.

For railway axles in service, this microstructure gradient is superimposed to the stress gradient introduced by the external load of rotatory bending imposed on the axle.

Furthermore, a significant fraction of the work done by the external load on the structure is absorbed as strain energy of deformations of the core plates near the supports.