Sentence examples for by the external loading from inspiring English sources

Some of them are examples of single prefabricated concrete beams and also an example showing the overall analysis of a bridge deck and the subsequent optimization of the prefabricated beam subjected to the internal forces produced by the external loading is included in the paper.

Bulk dissipation, manifested in the hysteresis of loading-unloading cycles, enables the formation of a dissipation zone around the crack tip that consumes most of the energy provided by the external loading to drive crack propagation, effectively increasing the fracture toughness.

In phase I, stable sliding begins to occur locally and then propagates laterally at a slow rate that is driven by the external loading.

The high temperature results in thermal stress with dimensional changes in addition to the mechanical stress caused by the external loads.

This kind of the energy release rate can be defined by the curved surface integral and the work done by the external loads.

Lamellar γ grains can be in soft and hard orientations with respect to the resolved shear stress provided by the external load.

The mode-II part of the strain energy release rate is provided by the external load using a three-point bending fixture.

For railway axles in service, this microstructure gradient is superimposed to the stress gradient introduced by the external load of rotatory bending imposed on the axle.

Furthermore, a significant fraction of the work done by the external load on the structure is absorbed as strain energy of deformations of the core plates near the supports.

This formulation can also predict the compaction density induced by the external loads and it is an attractive feature of the method for practical applications in geotechnical/pavement engineering.

It was found that due to the existence of junction heptagonal defects, shear bands induced by the external load may expand outward in the form of spiral and promote the formation of Stone Wales transformation, which therefore constitutes an effective way to dissipate the energy.