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[40] Relative precision (2 times the standard deviation divided by the average concentration determined analytically) and accuracy (ratio of the average concentration determined analytically to the known concentration), determined by repeated analyses of multielement standards, for all elements reported here were 5%and90%110%10%, respectively, or better.
Hit identification: Values were normalized by dividing the amount of secreted IL-1β in the conditioned media 24 hrs after E. coli stimulation by the number of cells in each well and then by the average concentration per cell of the plate.
The overall metabolic outcome of a reaction described by Michaelis-Menten kinetics is ultimately determined by the average concentration of the enzyme during a given time interval.
The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the distributional heterogeneity is independent of the particle masses and is calculated according to Equation (1): The standard deviation (σDH) is divided by the average concentration of the analyte in the material.
The calculation of the RSD of the intrinsic heterogeneity is presented in Equation (3): The intrinsic standard deviation (σIH) is divided by the average concentration of the analyte in the material.
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To calculate the solution concentration corresponding to a SERS spectrum, the centered spectrum data would be multiplied with the regression coefficient, followed by adding the average concentration data of all calibration samples.
The personal intake fraction (P_IF) is defined as the average fraction of total emissions that is inhaled by each person of a population (1 ppm = 1 × 10−6), and the daily carbon monoxide (CO) pollutant exposure (Et) is estimated by multiplying the average concentration of a specific micro-environment within one day.
PM concentration measured gravimetrically has substantially less measurement error but, by definition, measures the average concentration for the whole measurement period.
During summer, the data reveal dominant mean level of Fe (4,630 mg/kg), followed by Mn (447.5 mg/kg), while the average concentration of Cd (1.883 mg/kg) is the lowest.
Exposure to atrazine via tap water was then estimated by multiplying the average concentrations by the tap water consumption reported in the questionnaire.
The final concentration of the library mixture was determined by real-time quantitative PCR and the average concentration for each library was estimated.
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by the medium concentration
by the middle concentration
by the average replication
by the average velocity
by the average quality
by the average patient
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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