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Considering that time 0 is the moment of morphine icv-injection, the earliest event observed was Akt activation, which was immediately followed by the activating phosphorylation of nNOS.
As a consequence, both increased expression of AP-1-dependent target genes by the activating transcription factors c Jun/c Fos and modified binding activity of the resulting AP-1 complexes via the action of deactivating JunB and JunD may contribute to the pathogenesis of RA.
In self-renewing cells, the silencing activity of NuRD at pluripotency-associated genes is counteracted by the activating downstream effects of LIF signaling and/or Erk and Gsk3 inhibition, resulting in moderate levels of transcription.
For example, the m157 glycoprotein expressed by MCMV is recognized by the activating Ly49H receptor and NKp46 interacts with influenza hemagglutinin [4], [5], [6].
We next compared the effect of the bid knockdown to death receptor-induced apoptosis triggered by the activating Fas antibody or by treatment with recombinant human TRAIL (TR).
Phosphorylation of Thr308 in the NZM40 and NZM52 cell lines may be explained by the activating PIK3CA mutation in these cells.
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q is the percentage of phenol removal by the activated carbon.
The higher removal efficiency of using TiO2/AC is owing to the large adsorption capacity provided by the activated carbon.
And the high mRNA level might be induced by the immune mediators produced by the activated immune system.
The increase of the deuterium separation factor is also explained by the electrocatalysis activated by the strain energy.
The expression of WRKY45 in rice is induced by BTH by activating the SA pathway (Shimono et al. 2007).
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