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The phrase "by surface" is not commonly used in written English and may be unclear without context.
It could be used in contexts discussing methods or approaches that are superficial or based on external appearances.
Example: "The analysis was conducted by surface observations, which may not reveal the underlying issues."
Alternatives: "on the surface" or "superficially."
Exact(56)
By surface appearances, yes.
Most iron ores are extracted by surface mining.
All these fluids are collected by surface equipment for separation.
It is also possible to reach Cuzco by surface transportation.
Nanoparticles are controlled by surface forces.
Further justification is necessary by surface analysis.
The device was fabricated by surface micromachining.
Similar(4)
He, Y. et al. Fusing tetrapyrroles to graphene edges by surface-assisted covalent coupling.
(2) The hydroxyl radicals are stabilized by surface-active centers.
Slow protein evolutionary rates are dictated by surface-core association.
Microsoft's new smartphone products have been totally eclipsed by Surface Book and other news.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com