Sentence examples for by strong selection by from inspiring English sources

The fact that such traits were fixed within breeds by strong selection by breeders allows the use of genetic approaches that are not feasible in other species.

The standard account, which says that selection occurs each generation against the homozygotes, predicts a stable equilibrium one actively maintained by strong selection.

It should also be emphasized that phylogenetic analysis can be confounded by strong selection pressure.

The relatively rapid change may either be induced by strong selection or by phenotypic plasticity where the expressed phenotype is changed following a consistent environmental change.

Consequently, we suggest that these direct transitions of promoters between pairs of classes may be caused by strong selection pressures conditioned by radical changes in the environment.

We suggest two reasons: (1) The breeding population has been highly structured by strong selection pressure.

Historically, debate on the mutations underlying the response to selection was divided by strong selection at a few loci or relatively weak selection at many loci.

Many genetic loci contribute to resistance to Marek's disease, but historically the B locus (containing the MHC) was by far the most important, and under strong selection by MDV (Plachy et al., 1992; Vallejo et al., 1998).

Salick (1992) has demonstrated that there is strong selection by farmers against spines in cultivated cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum) and strong selection for spines in wild plants.

Therefore, we suggest that, similarly to the ankle, pinniped skull morphology may have diverged out of a constrained region of morphospace occupied by fissipeds by diffusive evolution, followed by stronger selection in different directions within crown pinniped families.

Therefore, throughout the genome, the mutational deletion bias is largely compensated by stronger selection against deletions.