With the joint probability P ζ ∼ N μ ~, Σ ~ in Eq. (5), the conditional probability P ζ O | ζ I ∗ can then be computed to obtain a subsequent policy (see Eq. (3)), by stochastic sampling from the retrieved Gaussian distribution in the policy parameter space.
Hence, being the average structural distance after an environmental perturbation computed by stochastic sampling (1,000 calculations of de), we defined environmental robustness as.
Thus, is the average structural distance after one single-point mutation computed by stochastic sampling (L calculations of d1), and then we defined mathematically mutational robustness as.
Lagrangian particles accurately representing the sprinkler spray may be initialized by a stochastic sampling of this probability distribution function.
The computation of the 'hybrid probabilities' is complemented by a stochastic sampling algorithm that produces a Boltzmann weighted ensemble of RNA RNA interaction structures.
In populations that are subject to strong sampling effects, it is possible for a small-effect mutation to reach fixation in the presence of a larger one, as long as the smaller-effect mutation is near fixation before the larger-effect mutation arises, such that the larger-effect mutation is more strongly affected by the stochastic sampling.
Ten thousand stochastic samples are created by the Monte Carlo sampling and the transient stability simulation time in the second layer is 5 s.
Five administrative districts including Songjiang, Baoshan, Pudong, Minhang and Nanhui were selected as study districts by a simple stochastic sampling method.
This allocation is done according to imperialists fitness (fewer cost) by stochastic universal sampling method.
This image was generated by a C++ program using stochastic sampling to compute depth-of-field, motion blur, and anti-aliasing effects.
