In most cases, these compounds are characterised by highly specific modes of action, and the evolutionary conservation of drug targets in wildlife species suggests the possibility that pharmaceuticals present in the environment may cause toxicological effects by acting through the same targets as they do in humans.
Mode preference was determined as the total number of patients willing to participate by a specific mode (telephone interview, postal questionnaire, or both) divided by the number of participants who were provided choice of participation mode and who accepted to participate in the SNS.
Passive and composite sampling in combination with in vitro bioassays and identification and quantification of individual chemicals were applied to characterize pollution by compounds with several specific modes of action in urban area in the basin of two rivers, with 400,000 inhabitants and a variety of industrial activities.
Thus, stem cells primed by AA appear to have specific modes of action that differ from ectopic application of AA in promoting the skin wound healing.
The locations of the transmission minima in the transmission spectrum can be evaluated by examining the modal cutoffs of specific modes in the liquid crystal inclusion.
Namely, the E band is caused by specific vibration modes (such as scissoring motion of the adamantane CH2 group) of adamantine [23].
The blue stimulated emission has been obtained by coupling a specific mode with InGaN active layer in nanocavity [24].
Since World War II, freight flows in ton-km have grown by factor 5. One specific mode of transport has more particularly benefitted from this growth: road haulage.
If desired, the system of eight linear equations expressed by Eq. (14) can be solved, too, in order to obtain the shape functions y n (x) for a specific mode n, by arbitrarily choosing one coefficient, e.g. an1=1.
Although belonging to a family of 9 genes, it is the only one that we could detect by hybridization, suggesting a highly specific mode of regulation, consistently with what has been described of its specific regulation compared to ANGPTL3 [ 38].
