Without PufX, ΔΦcap and the cytochrome c oxidation level shortly rise upon illumination and then decay again as in the single flash experiment A7, whereas in the wildtype both signals saturate after about two seconds while the light is on.
Therefore, we first investigated how the number of bc1 dimers affects the non-equilibrium dynamic response of a chromatophore vesicle during the single flash experiment A7 introduced above [5].
Those experiments investigated the role of the protein PufX and covered a wide range of time-scales from fast single-flash experiments over multi-flash scenarios to quasi steady state conditions.
In the single-flash experiment A7, the biphasic rise and subsequent decay of ΔΦcap is well reproduced (A7_ΔΦ, panel A of figure 5).
For the dual flash power plant, Fig. 10 shows that the annual contribution to the total power demand cannot exceed 80%, which is the same issue faced by the single flash power plant.
The power factor is higher than that for a single flash by 81% at 10 to 20% contribution.
A single flash accompanied by two auditory beeps tends to be perceived as two flashes (Shams et al. Nature 408 788, 2000, Cogn Brain Res 14 147 152, 2002).
However, when a single flash is accompanied by two beeps, there is a large increase in the probability of reporting multiple flashes, reflecting the SIFI (Fig. 1a).
For the first time, these results have been compiled by energy conversion technology: dry steam, binary cycle, single flash, and double flash, including the generation pilot projects of enhanced geothermal systems.
