For example, radio propagation is not simulated by simulating the EM radiation through the air and obstacles from one antenna to the next, but by using a formula to calculate the received signal strength at the receiving radios.
The brazing temperature field is firstly obtained by simulating the convection and radiation heating, and then the residual stress is calculated by a thermal-elasto-plastic-creep model.
Initial approbation and verification of the code have been carried out by simulating the trajectories and calculating the radiation emitted by ε= 6.7 GeV and ε= 855 MeV electrons and positrons in oriented Si(110) crystal and in amorphous silicon.
They solve the radiation transport problem stochastically by simulating the tracks of a sufficiently large number of individual particles using the random number generated probability distribution governing the individual physical processes.
A realistic model of the space radiation environment, including the HZE component, is used to simulate the radiation damage.
At present, the program simulates the radiation a region currently experiences but does not forecast future events.
Then, we used an electric dipole to simulate the radiation of the dye molecule near the nanostructure.
In this study, Norman's TSM and two current OSM schemes are evaluated over a range in canopy cover and moisture conditions simulated by the Cupid model a complex soil vegetation atmosphere transfer (SVAT) scheme developed by Norman that simulates the complete radiation, convection/turbulence and hydrologic processes occurring at the soil/canopy interface.
Photochemical reactions were induced by simulated solar radiation, while anodic bias in the range 0.04 0.32 mA/cm2 was applied to evaluate its effect on PC degradation, as well as the extent of direct EO.
Much less is known about the biological effects of this radiation, because very few places can simulate the interplanetary radiation.
