Sentence examples for by simple counting from inspiring English sources

Those determined by simple counting of transitions appear as smaller symbols (the same values as those displayed in Figure 4a).

When parallel consecutive slices are used, the slice thicknesses are accurately known and the identification of the z-axis can be performed by simple counting [27].

At each step, the most likely sire genotypes were first estimated conditionally on the bull genotypes and allele frequencies (estimated for the first step by simple counting on all bulls) and allowing a 1% genotyping error rate.

Interrater reliability at the concept level was determined by simple counting.

Therefore, the method assumes that all sequences are descendants of a single sequence and the estimation of Ka and Ks is done by simple counting.

Proliferation status of cells was also assessed by simple counting of cell number after treatment with drugs (Saunders et al, 1997).

Since estimates of invariant sites (I) can be problematic, particularly in reduced data partitions due to insufficient data [ 58], the number of invariant sites was therefore also calculated by simple counts of the observed number of constant sites in our data set, as implemented in MEGA3 [ 131].

We defined potential functions for cliques of size up to 2: Φ1(Y i, X) = λ1 log P(X| Y i), and Φ2(Y i, Y j, X) = λ2 log P Y i, Y j), where P(Y i, Y j) is a multinomial and P(X| Y i) is a multivariate Gaussian with diagonal covariance, both trained by simple counts (maximum likelihood) from the training partition during cross validation (see Results).

Let us denote by the simple counting process generated by, that is,, and present the -algebra generated by.

It is important to note that the multiplicativity effect cannot be explained by a simple counting strategy (i.e., count by 2, 3, 4, etc).

Within each breed, population allele frequencies were then estimated by a simple counting algorithm run iteratively.