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The WOMAC and EQ-5D index used in this study were limited by serious ceiling effects.
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However, serious ceiling effects existed in all domains of the EQ-5D, and the largest ceiling effect were observed for mobility (84.18%) and self-care (86.62%) domains.
This may be partially explained by the serious ceiling effect of the EQ-5D.
Increase in MHFMS scores in this cohort was limited by ceiling effects since several scored maximally at baseline (table 2).
The patterns of individual change for personal mastery were influenced to some degree by ceiling effects.
In addition, many health outcomes are characterized by floor or ceiling effects.
Unfortunately, across most illness conditions TS and PS research has been consistently hampered by serious measurement problems, including; distributional skew, ceiling effects, and missing response data [ 39- 47].
Responsiveness was tested by examining floor and ceiling effects and standardised response means.
Possible translation problems of the Physical Functioning (PF) items were indicated by the comparatively low ceiling effects.
This might be explained by either a ceiling effect or by the nature of the tasks that were used [10].
This raises the question: was learning of the new cues masked by a ceiling effect due to strong overall bias?
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com