aPWV was determined by sequential applanation tonometry (Millar tonometer, SPC-301; Millar Instruments, Houston, TX) at the carotid and femoral arteries gated to a three-lead electrocardiogram using the SphygmoCor device (SphygmoCor; AtCor, Sydney, Australia).
To define the association between variables reflecting regional perfusion and metabolism of the stomach obtained by gastric air tonometry with routine blood gas analysis and global hemodynamics in patients with cardiac failure.
Aortic stiffness (carotid to femoral PWV) will be derived by electrocardiography-gated sequential applanation tonometry using the foot-to-foot method (SphygmoCor 7.01 AtCor, Sydney, Australia) as previously described [ 7].
Carotid to femoral PWV will be derived by electrocardiography-gated sequential applanation tonometry (SPT-301 Mikro-Tip, Millar Instruments, Houston, Texas) using the foot-to-foot method (SphymoCor™ 7.01 AtCor, Sydney, Australia) [ 16].
Carotid to femoral PWV will be derived by electrocardiography-gated sequential applanation tonometry (SPT-301 Mikro-Tip, Millar Instruments, Houston, Texas) using the foot-to-foot method (SphymoCor™ 7.01 AtCor, Sydney, Australia) [ 7].
Furthermore, the IOP measurement by Goldmann tonometry varies with the thickness of the central cornea, the thicker the cornea the higher the measured intraocular pressure.
Systemic arterial compliance (SAC) was estimated using the "area method" by obtaining a surrogate pressure waveform representing the aortic root driving pressure via applanation tonometry with a Millar Mikro-Tip pencil type transducer (Millar Instruments Inc ,Houston, USA).
Applanation tonometry with SphygmoCor was performed from 10 40 to 11 40 AM.
Gastric tonometry with pHi calculation has been utilized as an indicator of regional gastric perfusion.
Multiple colors were imaged with line-by-line sequential scanning.
