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Deletions and duplications were detected by quantitative fluorescent-PCR using genomic DNA, and all other types of mutations were detected either by sequencing of all DMD gene exons and exon-intron junctions, or by systematic analysis of muscle dystrophin mRNA, using RT-PCR and sequencing of 14 amplified overlapping fragments.
The p53 status of the cell lines was confirmed by sequencing of all exons of the p53 gene (data not shown).
Urine isolates were characterized by sequencing of all 7 housekeeping genes used in the MLST scheme: gdh, gyd, pstS, gki, aroE, xpt, and yqil.
The screening of 20 breast tumour DNA samples with an unknown TP53 mutation status followed by sequencing of all the samples allowed us to further assess the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the methodology.
Exons 5 8 were successfully analysed for a total of 135 samples by TTGE, followed by sequencing of all samples with aberrant migrating bands on TTGE, and a total of 65 TP53 alterations were detected in 53 out of 135 (39.3%) samples by TTGE.
Screening for genes encoding conventional ESBL (CTX-M of groups 1, 2 and 9, SHV, TEM), minor ESBL (VEB, PER, BEL, GES), pAmpC and carbapenemase (VIM, IMP, NDM, OXA-48, KPC) was done by an end-point multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using a set of four validated (ISO 15189 standard) assays [ 12, 13], followed by sequencing of all the CTX-M genes detected.
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BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation analysis was performed by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing of all protein coding regions of the two genes in normal DNA samples.
Recently, the tyrosine kinase gene family has been sequenced in 133 serous ECs, 329 endometrioid ECs, 53 ECs of unspecified histology, and 13 mixed histology ECs either by targeted sequencing of the tyrosine kinome [ 18], or by comprehensive sequencing of all protein-encoding genes including the tyrosine kinome [ 19– 24].
Besides the sRNA abundance data, there is mRNA expression data (by RNAseq) for all lines, and even genome wide methylation data (by bisulfite sequencing) of all lines.
Numbering in the tens of thousands, the genomes were obtained by metagenomic sequencing of all the DNA in samples from a variety of exotic environments, and many of them were constructed by co-author Jill Banfield, a UC Berkeley professor of earth and planetary science and of environmental sciences, policy and management.
Mutational analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was conducted by full sequencing of all exons and intron-exon junctions.
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