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Unless a genomic functionality is actively protected by selection, it will accumulate deleterious mutations and will cease to be functional.
While departure from HWE may be caused by selection, it is more likely that extreme violations indicate a poorly performing SNP [ 76].
Since α is calculated as the proportion of nonsynonymous substitutions fixed by selection, it is inherently dependant on the number of nonsynonymous substitutions fixed by random genetic drift.
This also suggests that if the fixation of these alleles in D. mauritiana was driven by selection, it was likely due to their effect on the size of the posterior lobes rather than on the anal plates.
For a positive μ, even though the a allele is removed from the population by selection, it is constantly regenerated from the A allele by mutation pressure, and thus reaches a positive equilibrium frequency.
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By showing that animals' activities are often precisely shaped by natural selection, it helped to relaunch evolutionary theory in its modern form.
When the duplicated gene is fixed to the genome and is functionally preserved by natural selection it may diverge either by neofunctionalization or subfunctionalization.
Once an MER53 element becomes inserted into the genome in the region of an active transcription and is fixed by natural selection, it may be transcribed and processed by the enzyme machine system of miRNA into miRNAs.
If a trait has been shaped by natural selection, it must increase the fitness of the organisms that have it since natural selection only increases the frequency of traits that increase fitness.
If a trait has been shaped by natural selection, it must be genetically encoded since natural selection cannot act on traits that don't get passed on to offspring.
By autosource selection, it is meant the detection of regions where only one source occurs.
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