Sentence examples for by selection for increased from inspiring English sources

Therefore the IGF1 signaling pathway might be affected by selection for increased fertility.

For example, it is commonly argued that longer sperm will be favoured by selection for increased swimming performance, and therefore enhanced competitiveness [ 4, 8].

Analogous to the situation in prokaryotes, our findings are most parsimoniously explained by selection for increased stability against thermal fluctuations in endothermic vertebrates.

This form of parallel evolution is best explained by selection for increased gene dosage in the case of duplications [ 16, 22, 25, 27], and selection against a gene in the case of the deletions [ 45– 45].

Observed evolution of chromosome number in salmonids is likely affected by selection for increased or decreased genetic recombination rate as proposed by Quimseyh [ 14], explaining high variability in chromosome numbers in mammals based on fundamental numbers (NF, chromosome arms number).

In some systems, there is a correlation between codon bias and what tRNA genes are present in the genome, and this is assumed to occur by selection for increased translation effieciency [ 32].

Thus, anteriorward serial replication of the mesoderm-derived structures (shell muscles excepted) in the Monoplacophora could be driven by selection for increasing respiratory surface.

Altogether, this suggests that the functional bias in gene organization observed here is not caused by selection for an increased copy number of translation genes.

This strain had been derived from reference strain 26695 [40] by five sequential cycles of selection for increased resistance, each cycle associated with a new mutation that likely diminished the ability of cells to chemically reduce Mtz from prodrug to bactericidal agent (genes involved were rdxA, frxA, mdaB, ribF and fur) [20].

In contrast, for the autosomes there appears to be selection for increased methylation by LOH.

As a result, unless influenced by traits not included in the analysis, selection for increased early season leaf length may have dictated selection for earlier emergence and increased early season height (Lande and Arnold 1983).